Laptops like these were designed in an era where MBR/BIOS was the predominant installation schemes that people and manufacturers used. When this happens, Windows 10 thinks it’s writing to a UEFI/GPT system, instead of MBR/BIOS, causing it to never complete the process which results in a system freeze where a shutdown should’ve taken place. I believe that what’s happening with the laptop when you shut it down in Windows 10 is that it tries to write the hibernation / fast start up files to the hard disk - a feature most modern laptops support especially with modern UEFI/GPT as opposed to MBR/BIOS. The problem appears to be that Windows 10 has dropped support for older hardware, and in the process is no longer compatible with some of the hardware inside the Dell E6410. If you no longer experience the issue, then yay! Once you’re finished installing W10 and have updated the system to a recent version (older versions of W10 don’t have this issue), you can then try shutting down your computer. I suggest that you select the non-UEFI option for the the flash drive when booting. Once you’ve got your installation media, you can install Windows 10 by booting into it with the F12 key when the Dell logo appears after restarting the system. But with Windows 10, you must image the installation ISO onto a flash drive with MBR as the partition scheme and BIOS as target system (e.g. Between the Windows operating systems I’ve tried, Windows 7 is not particularly picky about whether you install it from a flash drive with partitioning schemes MBR or GPT and target system BIOS (MBR only) or UEFI. When installing Windows, you have the option of installing it on UEFI or BIOS (mbr) - how the installation media is created plays a role in how Windows will operate and install under the hood.
The solution I discovered lies in how the operating system is installed from a flash drive / installation media.
It took me a few months until I decided to look further into the problem again, re-intalling Windows 10 in the process.
I never had this problem on Windows 7 and it was really annoying that the laptop would just sit there consuming power with fans at max after Windows 10 has long left the shutdown screen.
I also had this issue when I installed Windows 10 on the same laptop model, but ended up giving up because the operating system was so buggy.
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